International Security

Flag of the European Union (EU) in front of the NATO emblem on a white wall.

International Security Analyses

Burden sharing: real solidarity or arbitrary mathematics in NATO and the EU?

Challenges remain regarding complementarity between NATO and the EU in the distribution of the burden of collective defence in Europe.

By Juan C. Castilla

30 Jul 2025 //

18 mins Reading time

Three people with their backs turned, two in military uniform and one in a suit, watch two military helicopters flying over a green field with trees in the background. Prime Minister Keir Starmer visits a military training camp in South West England with New Zealand Prime Minister Christopher Luxon.

International Security Analyses

The UK Strategic Defence Review (SDR), cyber and British warfare

The UK SDR tries to adapt British ends and means with the current strategic changes in defence, cyberdefence and future warfare trends.

By Danny Steed

28 Jul 2025 //

10 mins Reading time

Spanish Army soldiers running towards a helicopter with its rotor blades spinning, during a field training exercise. Defence

International Security Policy Papers

The defence dilemma: can Spain ride Europe’s defence revival?

What are the main strategic, technological, and regulatory changes in the EU's defence policy, and what is Spain's position on these developments?

By Félix Arteaga, Daniel Fiott, Luis Simón

18 Jun 2025 //

3 mins Reading time

Improvised camp for displaced people on the coast of the Gaza Strip at sunset, with tents and shelters made of tarpaulins and assorted materials, clustered closely under a cloudy sky. In the background, the sea and the sun are partially hidden behind grey clouds. Gaza

Challenges and opportunities in the neighbourhood Events

Roundtable ‘How Europe can re-engage to halt the catastrophe in Gaza?’

Roundtable ‘How Europe can re-engage to halt the catastrophe in Gaza’, which will take place on 19 June 2025.

17 Jun 2025 //

3 mins Reading time

A line of tents near the port of Gaza, with several people gathered along the shoreline. In the background, buildings can be seen with smoke rising behind them. In the foreground, a partially submerged structure is visible in the water. Gaza

International Security Analyses

Four ways in which Europe can re-engage to halt the catastrophe in Gaza

The EU have the political and diplomatic tools to influence the Gaza crisis but consistently fail to use them effectively.

By Sven Kühn von Burgsdorff

27 May 2025 //

16 mins Reading time

Overhead satellite view of Aden (Yemen), showing a top-down perspective of the city’s natural harbour. Houthi

International Security Experts Comments

The Houthi conundrum

Trump’s bombing campaign in Yemen targets Houthi attacks on Red Sea shipping tied to Israel’s allies amid the Gaza war.

By Andrew Hammond

06 May 2025 //

7 mins Reading time

A Belgian F-16 pilot, wearing a flight helmet, oxygen mask, and full flight suit, sits inside the bubble canopy of a grey F-16 Fighting Falcon. The cockpit features visible instrument panels and side-stick controls, with warning labels on the fuselage just below the cockpit. The aircraft is parked on the tarmac at Florennes Air Base under a bright, partly cloudy sky during a NATO Quick Reaction Alert (QRA) exercise. Defence

International Security Analyses

Europe’s best bet is to increasingly rely on itself for its own security and defence

With NATO strained and US priorities shifting, Europe must develop strategic autonomy in defence and security.

By Emiliano Alessandri, Domenec Ruiz-Devesa

24 Mar 2025 //

18 mins Reading time

Official farewell ceremony for the T.10 military transport aircraft at Zaragoza Air Base. In the background, prominently displayed, is the grey fuselage of the aircraft, with some yellow details. It has high wings and two large visible propellers, one on each side. At the front, the slanted cockpit windows and the number 07 stand out. In the foreground of the image, blurred, several members of the Air Force are in formation. Most are wearing dark blue uniforms with matching caps. A person in the centre stands out, dressed in a green military uniform. Defence

International Security Analyses

All in? The revival of the Spanish and European defence industry

In an ever-deteriorating geopolitical context, Spain must adopt a strategic approach to re-structure its defence industry.

By Félix Arteaga, Daniel Fiott, Luis Simón

25 Feb 2025 //

20 mins Reading time

A view from inside an old yellow bus shows a war-torn cityscape in Borodyanka, Ukraine. Through the rear window, two yellow buses are driving along a muddy road, passing a heavily damaged block of flats. In the background, a monument with a Ukrainian flag on top can be seen. Ukraine

International Security Events

Roundtable ‘Where is the war in Ukraine heading?’

12 Feb 2025 //

2 mins Reading time

Fachada de un edificio de hormigón gris con textura vertical y una gran ventana cuadrada abierta que enmarca un edificio de ladrillos al fondo con un balcón cerrado de ventanas blancas. En la parte inferior de la fachada, una reja de lamas verticales de color negro

International Security Events

Colloquium about the monograph ‘Reaffirmation and abandonment of global Jihad. Personal trajectories of Jihadist prisoners in Spain’ by Álvaro Vicente

Colloquium on the monograph about the personal trajectories of jihadist prisoners in Spain in the reaffirmation and abandonment of global jihad.

07 Feb 2025 //

2 mins Reading time

Seven flags of the European Union, with blue background and yellow stars, flying in front of the European Commission headquarters in Brussels (Belgium) during the day. Middle East

International Security Experts Comments

The Middle East: reclaiming our shared Humanity

Amid the humanitarian crisis in the Middle East, reclaiming shared humanity is urgently needed to counter violence and enforce a ceasefire.

By Josep Borrell

19 Nov 2024 //

15 mins Reading time

Daytime view from the cockpit of an aircraft of 4 Spanish Navy ships in a demonstration of the European Union naval force Operation Atalanta, with calm seas and partly cloudy skies

International Security Analyses

Europe at war and European defence: the same as ever?

Europe faces a decisive moment for its defence, in a context of active conflicts and global geopolitical tensions.

By Félix Arteaga

23 Oct 2024 //

27 mins Reading time

1 - 4 of 31 pages