At NATO’s Warsaw Summit in 2016, allied leaders announced not only major changes to their collective defence posture but also their commitment to ‘projecting stability’ beyond their borders.
‘There is no life without jihad and no jihad without hijrah’: the jihadist mobilisation of women in Spain, 2014-16
The strategic awakening of Japan, a power with maritime inclinations and a geostrategic position relative to Asia similar to Spain’s relative to Europe, provides Spain with a series of opportunities.
The information warfare is somewhat distinct from the cyberdefence and cyberattacks. It is nothing new the use of fake news stories used for political ends.
Jihadism is to be thought of not just as a national security problem but also as a challenge to the open societies.
The implementation of the Strategy comes at a time of highly adverse circumstances for the process of European integration, so that its development is not solely reliant on the content of the document or the determination of its backers.
Europe’s southern neighbourhood is a diverse but interlinked geopolitical ensemble, whose specificities need to be carefully assessed before Europeans devise dedicated security strategies, divide responsibilities and make policy decisions.
Europeans would be wise to improve their own defences, in case they can no longer depend on the US as much as before.
The alleged Russian meddling in favour of Donald Trump will influence other ballots and may undermine confidence in democracy.
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