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Pope Leo IV, seen from behind and dressed in the papal cassock, walked away after delivering his first Regina Caeli prayer from a balcony overlooking St. Peter’s Square. On the left, part of the building clad in light travertine can be seen, while a column of the same stone, framed by red curtains, stands behind him. Pope

Challenges and opportunities in the neighbourhood

The Pope, the Holy See and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict

By Xavier Abu Eid // Posted on 14 May 2025

Overhead satellite view of Aden (Yemen), showing a top-down perspective of the city’s natural harbour. Houthi

International Security

The Houthi conundrum

By Andrew Hammond // Posted on 06 May 2025

It is expected that the PKK’s farewell to arms and final disbandment will be achieved quite soon, which means that for the first time a Kurdish insurgency in the century-old life of the Turkish republic will be ended not through military means but by the voluntary decision of those who started it. Kurdish

Challenges and opportunities in the neighbourhood

Ending a 40-year Kurdish insurgency: a historical turning point for Turkey and Syria

By Cengiz Çandar // Posted on 01 Apr 2025

Views of Bethlehem through the fences in the West Bank, Palestine.

Challenges and opportunities in the neighbourhood

Spanish public opinion regarding the recognition of the State of Palestine

By Carmen González Enríquez, José Pablo Martínez // Posted on 22 May 2024

A blue and black digital map of the earth and huge network. Background: Oxford blue view with more connection dots.

Challenges and opportunities in the neighbourhood

The impact of Russia on the resilience of NATO and the Southern Neighbourhood

By Mira Milosevich-Juaristi // Posted on 07 May 2024

Aerial view of Etihad Towers and Emirates Palace Hotel in west Abu Dhabi, capital of the United Arab Emirates, one of the most influential countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council

Challenges and opportunities in the neighbourhood

Economic and financial relations between Spain and the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf: an initial assessment

By Haizam Amirah-Fernández, Judith Arnal // Posted on 30 Apr 2024

Person holding the flag of Palestine in the street. Background: Building facade in daylight.

Challenges and opportunities in the neighbourhood

Spain’s recognition of the State of Palestine can make the difference

By Alon Liel // Posted on 09 Apr 2024

Destruction of al-Wahda Street after the Israel Defense Forces airstrikes on the Gaza Strip in May 2021. The al-Wehda Street is located in the densely populated neighbourhood of al-Rimal in Gaza City. R2P

Challenges and opportunities in the neighbourhood

The limits of international law: the Responsibility to Protect (R2P), Israel and the International Court of Justice

By Kristian Alexander // Posted on 01 Mar 2024

Image of the Peace Palace at night in The Hague (Netherlands), seat of the International Court of Justice. The ICJ is the principal judicial body of the United Nations

Challenges and opportunities in the neighbourhood

Prospects and implications of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruling in the case of South Africa against Israel

By Antonio Remiro Brotóns // Posted on 27 Feb 2024

An interior shot of the Peace Palace, the seat of the International Court of Justice, the principal judicial body of the United Nation. Israeli-Palestinian conflict

Challenges and opportunities in the neighbourhood

A turning point for Israel and Palestine

By Haizam Amirah-Fernández // Posted on 30 Jan 2024

Gaza border with Israel. Distant view of residential houses and buildings in the northern part of the Gaza strip across an Israeli army post

International Security

Gaza and after: a transatlantic security perspective

By Ian Lesser // Posted on 23 Jan 2024

A wall at Netiv HaAsara facing the Gaza border reads the words “Path to Peace” in Hebrew, Arabic, and English. Netiv HaAsara is a moshav in southern Israel. Located in the north-west Negev, it nearly borders the Gaza Strip

Challenges and opportunities in the neighbourhood

Recognising Palestine, a prerequisite for hope and peace

By Haizam Amirah-Fernández // Posted on 11 Dec 2023