Spain has changed beyond recognition since General Franco died 40 years ago. The country telescoped its political, economic and social modernisation into a much shorter period than any other European country.
More than three years after the agreement on a banking union for the Eurozone, ¿what has been achieved in making the EMU a more stable construct?
The ruling neo-Islamist Justice and Development Party (AKP) of President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan recovered the absolute majority in Turkey’s snap parliamentary election that it lost in June, but with not enough seats to push through constitutional reforms to enable him to become an executive president.
The general elections in Spain must be seen in this context. It is part of Europe’s overall volatility.
This ARI compares the evolution of the global economic presence of the Big Five European economies with the emerging economies of the BRICS and the N11.
Resource governance is a relatively novel issue in global and European energy governance
It is unfair to accuse the Germans of imposing a precarious labor model in Europe when the likes of Spain and Greece suffer the highest unemployment. It is better to get people back to work by giving them a job and welfare payments than state aid alone.
Catalonia is divided. But don’t hold your breath for independence.
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