This paper discusses how the US failed to adequately identify the nature of the conflict it was embarking upon in response to the 9/11 attacks, our flawed understanding of the enemy and the fact that today we are just beginning to appreciate the central role of religious ideology in this war.
Egyptian foreign policy is an essential component of the Egyptian general policy. It serves its goals and objectives, particularly in the areas related to the diplomatic functions.
Ever since A. Lukashenka was elected for his first presidential term, and up until the late 1990s, there were claims that his rule was only a temporary and transitional episode in Belarus’s political and economic development. Nevertheless, although the regime is consolidating it is remarkable how it was built and is currently relying on a surprisingly fragile combination of external and domestic factors.
While we now have a solid database on the processes of radicalisation of Muslims in the West, what we still lack is a theoretical framework that links the different pieces of empirical knowledge together. This working paper suggests that the diaspora concept could provide such a framework.
The purpose of this working paper is to discuss Turkey’s new role in international politics at the beginning of the 21st Century and to analyse the main political and economic challenges for the country to become a regional power of medium size.
Greek and Turkish Cypriots have a unique opportunity to end the 35-year division of Cyprus and reunify the island. But time is running out. The Cyprus problem is likely to come to a head during Spain’s Presidency of the EU in the first half of 2010.
Italy does not have a National Security Strategy (NSS) in the strict sense of the word, ie, a single governmental document for the medium-to-long term identifying the main security threats and response guidelines at a strategic level. Instead, it has several documents on the institutional responsibilities for the external (military) and internal (civil) dimensions of security.
There are two major handicaps that will make very difficult for the euro to overtake the US dollar as a dominant currency. First, the EA still has a very fragmented banking and capital market, which makes it more difficult to fully exploit economies of scale and of scope and network externalities.
Something extraordinary has happened during the Global Crisis that started in 2007. Despite acute financial turmoil and massive injections of liquidity, exchange rates in the euro area have not faced the kind of speculative attacks that were the unavoidable feature of every previous crisis.
Turkey’s EU accession negotiations, started in October 2005, are going very slowly for many reasons, including the government’s continued refusal to open its ports and airports to vessels and aircraft from Greek Cypriot-controlled Cyprus (an EU member since 2004).
After nearly a century of dominance of the international monetary system, has the US dollar finally met its match in the euro? A struggle for monetary leadership could become a source of sustained tensions in US-European relations. Fortunately, however, there seems relatively little risk of a destabilising escalation into outright geopolitical conflict.
This paper explores the different challenges that the financial crisis has posed to the Euro area and its governance.