The prioritisation of security in Europe and its immediate neighbourhood should focus on Spain and the Netherlands to reinforce Europe's maritime presence, especially in the Indo-Pacific.
China has adopted a complex stance on the crisis between Russia and Ukraine due to its own economic interests.
France's policy towards NATO has always been ambivalent: committed to collective defence, but sceptical about political and strategic coordination among allies.
Putin is winning with the political-military dispute he is pursuing in Ukraine, while also losing in other respects.
NATO has convened a summit for heads of state and government in Madrid in June 2022 to approve a new Strategic Concept to update the 2010 Lisbon Strategic Concept.
The discussions around NATO’s new Strategic Concept coincide with a new chapter in the UK’s own foreign and defence policy, as the country redefines its priorities in the post-Brexit era and in a rapidly changing geostrategic environment.
With regard to NATO, the Netherlands combines various capacities. As one of the Organisation’s founding members it has traditionally been considered a loyal ally.
It is neither war nor hybrid, but in all cases there is a certain mix of political, economic, social and, in some cases, military methods.
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